of Sports Illustrated, Vincent Laforet and many other photographers have used this technique. The selective focus that can be achieved by tilting the plane of focus is often compelling because the effect is different from that to which many viewers have become accustomed. Some photographers have popularized the use of tilt for selective focus in applications such as portrait photography.

Such lenses are frequently used in architectural photography to control perspective, and in landscape photography to get an entire scene sharp.

Canon and Nikon currently offer four lenses that provide both movements. Nikon introduced a lens providing shift movements for their 35 mm SLR cameras in 1962, and Canon introduced a lens that provided both tilt and shift movements in 1973 many other manufacturers soon followed suit. Movements have been available on view cameras since the early days of photography they have been available on smaller-format cameras since the early 1960s, usually by means of special lenses or adapters.

8 Gallery of perspective control lenses.

Shift is used to adjust the position of the subject in the image area without moving the camera back this is often helpful in avoiding the convergence of parallel lines, as when photographing tall buildings. Tilt is used to control the orientation of the plane of focus (PoF), and hence the part of an image that appears sharp it makes use of the Scheimpflug principle. 'Tilt–shift' encompasses two different types of movements: rotation of the lens plane relative to the image plane, called tilt, and movement of the lens parallel to the image plane, called shift. Sometimes the term is used when a large depth of field is simulated with digital post-processing the name may derive from a perspective control lens (or tilt–shift lens) normally required when the effect is produced optically. Tilt–shift photography is the use of camera movements that change the orientation or position of the lens with respect to the film or image sensor on cameras. Note how the focus plane is along the train, and how the blurring of the background proceeds from left to right.

Circle motion blur generator